Snow Leopards in China

Big cat conservation and people

2011-12-21T09:52:00.000-08:00

This, from my other blog, on Wild Cat Conservation in China:

The Failures of Tiger Conservation

More from Gansu

2011-07-25T04:47:00.000-07:00

Dear All,

The field season earlier this year was a huge success, with new areas surveyed in Gansu (as well as Xinjiang and Tibet). The sites in west Gansu were particularly busy with snow leopard sign and we were rewarded with a photo with no fewer than three apparently adult animals walking together (the third animal is just visible on the far left).

These are probably an adult female with her adolescent offspring, but this is an unusual shot. Shame the photo quality wasn't better, but oh well.

You might also enjoy the following video we shot on a remote camera in Taxkurgan in Xinjiang.

In Memory of Rinchen Wangchuk

2011-04-15T04:03:00.000-07:00

We were saddened to learn of the untimely death of Rinchen Wangchuk. Rinchen's contribution to furthering our knowledge about snow leopards is remarkable and a lasting legacy. Our sincerest sympathies are with his family.

Information about Rinchen and his work are on Sibylle Noras' blog.

Phil, Kun and the China snow leopards team.

Project latest (from Gansu Province)

2011-03-28T07:51:00.000-07:00

Dear All,

Firstly thanks for Chen Ying for the previous stalling post. We have been variously camped out in sites in Xinjiang and Gansu, and are now proudly monitoring nine sites for snow leopard research and conservation across China (but more of that later).

I will start with the current news, rather than my usual, slightly ranty, stuff. Dr Shi Kun and I set up a team in Qilianshan Nature Reserve in Gansu, comprised of Beijing Forestry University students Ms Yuan Yi Fang and Mr Sun Qiao Qi, along with local Forestry Administration manager Mr Ma Yingjun and local community representative and guide extraordinaire, Mr Archun Qi. This area is of vital importance for snow leopard conservation and for understanding their ecology and dispersal. But more of that later - sorry I keep getting side-tracked...

Well, to the point. Here are the latest images from the camera traps:

I can't begin to explain how these make us feel, given the work involved and also because these represent vital information that will add to a growing database underpinning our research.

I'll end for the moment with one of Archun, Qiao Qi and I setting a camera in the field in Gansu.

More to come... and also from the teams in Xinjiang...

Much love (because I'm obviously in a good mood),
Phil.

P.S. I'll publish the research "back-story" soon.

Where's Phil?

2011-03-10T16:02:00.000-08:00

Phil and the team (Dr Shi Kun, Sun Qioa Qi and Yuan Yi Fang) are currently establishing field sites and surveying snow leopards and their prey in the Qilianshan Nature Reserve in Gansu.I'm sure he will provide more details and pictures when they return.

Posted on Phil's behalf by Chen Ying.

Landed...

2011-01-14T09:27:00.000-08:00

Hello All and Happy New Year.

First up for the year, this caught my eye on the BBC News website:

Tajikistan cedes land to China

China and Tajikistan say that they have settled a century-old border dispute, after the Central Asian nation agreed to cede land to China. The Tajik parliament voted on Wednesday to ratify a 1999 deal handing over 386 square miles (1,000 sq km) of land in the remote Pamir mountain range.

Full story here.

Phil.

Gaia? Is that you? Are you listening in?

2010-10-28T22:36:00.000-07:00

As the world's national representatives now deliver near end game statements; many "reaffirming [our] pledge to Mother Earth", ME (seemingly in response if your beliefs are so placed) goes and chucks Typhoon Chaba at Japan. She then invites us all to watch as it arcs towards Nagoya, with flight schedules crumbling in anticipation of it. The plan (if one exists) may be simple: "you people are **** useless! There is no way you are just jumping on a plane as leaving. Now sit back down and deal with this mess you've made!". The Earth Mother equivalent of earthly mothers everywhere "you're not going anywhere 'til you've tidied your room".

Not forgetting dad's too. But the old Father's more concerned with the temporal. Now he's going to give us a real talking to later, mark my words.

Baton down the hatches: squall's a'coming...!
P.

The Power and The (In)gloriousness

2010-10-24T23:44:00.000-07:00

Large international NGOs rule the world. Governments are nothing but aggregations of ciphers, inanely directing the will of unelected, unrepresentative white middle- and upper-class men.

Discuss.

I postulate this hypothesis based on nothing more than a few meetings and after COP drinks with various people, including white middle- or upper-class men running significant sections of large international NGOs. And they are lovely people. But is does strike me that some have disproportionately more influence than is possibly healthy. Evidence is presented in a number of forms. The most worry is that most of the government representatives here attend many other similar meetings on, for example, climate change, biosafety, finance, and tarmac (I made up the last one). They are frequently not specialists and rely on the input of trusted NGO minders.

Government people arrive with a statement of amendments to submit to the working groups tasked with drafting the agreements on biodiversity, often in the form of "We the people and government of X are grateful to the working group for their hard work in drafting an excellent document dealing with these important issues...". This goes on for a bit and then they will feel compelled to object to the erroneous inclusion of a comma here or there. After these initial sessions of comma removal or, rarely, elevation to a semi-colon, they will be ushered away by the heavies (also lovely people) of which ever NGO has managed to secure an interest in their country. They are then held in consensual captivity until such a time as they are needed for a high-level session or to brief their ministers, by which time they are well coached and will object/agree as the NGO dictates. A not insignificant and related feature, is the degree to which large international NGO funding from governments such the US is linked through overseas aid and development money. I see opportunities for all sorts of shenanigans.

Cynicism solidified through exposure to the global indecision making process, I'm now of to check my traps near the Chinese delegate paddock. So far just a Japanese badger (courtesy of Dr Yayoi Kaneko of the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, or TUAT(!). After a long week at COP10 it was great to get close to some wildlife, including a fab little raccoon dog.)

Having trouble with your badgers? Riordan will sett (haha) you straight.

Sorry.

Arigatou gozaimasu.
P.

COP10 Nagoya

2010-10-18T19:08:00.000-07:00

Hi All.

As promised, a hot off the SD photo from our stand at COP10. By the way, CEPA stands for Communities, Education and Public Awareness. But you already knew that.

P.

COP10 Nagoya

2010-10-17T18:05:00.000-07:00

Dear All,

Long time no hear. Apologies for that (as ever).

International politics is a distant, conceptual dark energy somewhere out there, apparently binding the universe. Not so distant now. I was definitely under its crushing weight as Shi Kun and I negotiated our way through the security of COP10 in Nagoya. More experienced members here tell me these initial negotiations are the reasons little else can be decided - once you have done whatever needs doing, said whatever needs saying and conceded ground to secure a goody bag for your nation you are spent. There is nothing else in the tank to see you through the negotiation of treaties and inter-governmental agreements.

Lucky for the world, that we are merely here to present our work and provide these apparently long-suffering darkened room-dwelling souls with a glimpse of the world about which they so passionately joust. For those in the vicinity, we are at Stand 1 in the CEPA Fair. I'll find out what CEPA stands for and let you know (along with a pic or two). For now you can have one from the mountains (I've had requests).

I'll let you know what occurs, but now the opening ceremony! Ooh. Some awe-inspiring footage of wildlife and (inexplicably) some cats playing in a garden. Nice.

Much love to the world.

Phil.

Yushu Earthquake

2010-05-05T22:07:00.000-07:00

Dear All,

Having just returned from our field site in Sichuan, I must express my great sadness for the people of Yushu in the aftermath of the earthquake. We have been working in Luoxu Nature Reserve, some 140 km from the epicenter, and the families of many of our Tibetan friends and colleagues have been affected by this devastating event. Our thoughts are with them and we continue to hold out hope.

Working on one the most glorious species on the planet, in such awe inspiring landscapes, highlights for me the duality of the natural world: in each instance offering both harshness and beauty. To emphasise this inevitable state I offer a photo of a snow leopard taken in Luoxu last week. This one is for the people of Yushu.

P.

The Mountain Castle or Heart of Enlightenment...

2010-04-11T20:21:00.000-07:00

Seemingly endless days of bus travel have left their mark. My life now seems to oscillate between Kafka and Conrad in equal measure, though more Buddhist versions of the two. I may still reach that elusive and difficult fieldwork goal.

Shixu now. 4200m in mid-nowhere. The monks of Ganzi have been replaced by feral dogs roaming the streets at night and sleepily growling during the day. Monks are around, just fewer. One approached me today asking if I was American. I told him English (Yingguoren). He then asked me about "he who must not be named". No, not Voldemort, but a particular Lama, who is not welcome in China. When I asked our Chinese students to help translate our fledgling conversation, he scurried away.

Onward to Luoxu...

Now, where IS Klamm?
K

Harsh winter in Central Asia

2010-04-09T19:21:00.000-07:00

Our friends at the Snow Leopard Trust have highlighted the devastating effects in Mongolia of what has turned out to be an exceptionally harsh winter. It is claimed that around 4.5 million livestock have been lost (about 10% of the national total), with predictably awful consequences for the rural communities there. SLT are spearheading an appeal for aid. In China too, some areas have reported unusually severe conditions, though the severity and extent is not yet apparent. Sichuan for example continues to have unseasonally bad weather and our team will be in Xinjiang within the week and we will determine the situations there.

More when I can...

Progress

2010-04-09T18:40:00.000-07:00

Hi All,

We are now well and truly up on the plateau, staying briefly in the small town of Ganzi from where we will head to our next field site in Luoxu. Journeying here is hard and the prospect of another 13 hour bus ride is not filling me with glee. This may not matter, since onward buses may not exist and we will have to explore alternatives. The local government forestry team are putting all their effort into getting us to the wilderness on time.

Ganzi itself is a curious, but friendly place. There are a large number of monasteries around and the town is awash with gangs of monks hanging out in their traditional red robes, with apparent time (eternity?) on their hands. There is a definite sense of other-worldliness that pervades these cut-off and remote outposts. Although we have flakey internet, I don't think many others have much contact with elsewhere. Nonetheless, the Tibetan people are demonstrating their unique hospitality (hic!).

Ever onward...
P.

Like bloody paramoecium in a bloody fish tank…

2010-04-05T23:30:00.000-07:00

In an effort to instil in our Chinese students the kind of enthusiasm that will get them to climb 2000m to our next field site, we have been conducting mini-tutorials over dinner. The nett effect of these sessions has been to spoil dinner. What I know is that students present as a diverse allsorts of types and we have those bead-covered clear liquorice pucks that are often left behind. As a dedicated academic I am not deterred, but bean curd is not a hard enough substance to bang my head against. I’ll move these sessions to breakfast, where we have cake.

Incidentally, Joelene has been under the weather with something that turns people into Jabba The Hut (should that be hyphenated?). After being encased in carbonite and rescued by the feared Jedis, Oscar and Max, along with Dawn wearing a gold bikini, I am now safe and she is on the road to recovery, thanks to antiJabbabiotics.

Having been in Chengdu for too long I now need more sleep and less Starbucks coffee.

Venti!

Sichuan update

2010-04-01T20:31:00.000-07:00

Hello All.

I have a brief moment of connectivity and thought a bit of blogging would be my best use of time. Hmm... ok.

We've been working in Baoxing Nature Reserve, to the west of the more famous Wolong Biosphere Reserve. Both are panda hang-outs (red and giant, both of which were surprisingly good at hiding), and the latter was where our Sichuan Forestry Administration team managed to get photos of snow leopards (see example picture). Baoxing is connected to Wolong by a high altitude dendritic ridge, with steep sided valleys all around. Our interests are to see if snow leopards are dispersing along these ridges, and assessing the prey temptations that may motivate them. This part of the world is hugely bio-diverse, by nature of its topography, and so we are also keen to examine the relationships between snow leopards and the other predators that may influence their movements. Common leopard are found within the wooded slopes below the high-altitude grasslands, and bears and wolves wander around most habitats.

We have just come down from the higher areas of Baoxing, having set camera traps along the altitudinal gradient, which also constitutes in a habitat gradient. We have managed to enlist the cooperation of local Tibetan herders, who will maintain the cameras in situ while we head further west into the plateau (weather depending). The Tibetan people in this area have been fabulous and haven't missed an opportunity to invite us into their houses and ply us with baijiu, as is their custom. Having been working at altitude the sudden influx of booze made sure we all slept heavily last night.

The weather has been a minor issue, with heavy snowfall making transport difficult. Our horses in Baoxing braved all, but we did not want to put upon them too much. Nor our local support team for that matter. Despite some awful conditions, we made good progress and look forward to seeing some photo-fruits from our endeavours.

Much love,
Phil.

Crime and punishment...

2010-03-20T19:49:00.000-07:00

Hi All.

After a slight (!) delay, there is much to catch up on and much to do. I'm back in China, preparing for snow leopard fieldwork on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Sichuan. It seems these are the only times I get a moment to update this blog, so I will try to put out a few items of hopeful interest in the next couple of days.

For starters, thanks to all those who have been sending me cuttings about recent prosecutions in Xinjiang, against two farmers who were accused of killing a snow leopard. Details from the BBC and the Chinese news agency, Xinhua (sorry - this is the English link).

Not surprisingly, feelings have been mixed. These are farmers from a very poor community, trying to protect their family interests and stop a snow leopard taking their livestock. Hard line conservationists will view any illegal killing of endangered wildlife as a serious and punishable crime. Legislation in China, and other countries, to protect endangered species enshrine this principle, but less than hard-liners hope that court systems will allow for some sensitivity. These are not new issues and there is a vast history of case lore from around the world (see People and Wildlife). We need sensitivity, because the people living and working with snow leopards and other dangerous or damaging wildlife hold the solution to their protection. In an ever increasingly crowded world, we cannot separate people from these animals, so we must find ways to ensure that vulnerable communities are not disadvantaged by the goals of conservation. These goals must include people as a fundamental part of the ecosystems we seek to protect and people must accept that we rely on the the services that these ecosystems provide. Top predators have always been persecuted and many parts of the world from where they have been eradicated (at great expense) are now seeking to reintroduce them (at more great expense). It seems that the roles that these animals play, for example in regulating herbivores and their nasty diseases, are too valuable to lose.

Back to Xinjiang (always a good idea). The somewhat harsh sentences given to these farmers may do nothing to develop trust and understanding. And it is impossible to rule out that there may be other, undisclosed, forces at work. There is also the unhappy back-drop of illegal trade in the body parts of snow leopards and the authorities in Xinjiang will seek every opportunity to demonstrate to the world their intolerance to such practises.

For our part we are working with the communities in Taxkurgan to understand their needs and wants, and we are discussing options to develop community-based insurance schemes to fairly compensate for livestock losses to wildlife. As it is, snow leopards are not the problem. It's wolves...! I'm not going to get into the whole psychological predisposition against wolves... well, not yet.

Remember, trust and understanding are as rare as snow leopards and we possibly need to work even harder to get them back.

Take care,
Phil.

Slight change

2009-11-06T02:24:00.000-08:00

Dear All,

The more keen eyed among you may have seen a change to this blog - we are now concerning ourselves with snow leopards across China, not just Xinjiang. Xinjiang remains very special to us and we are continuing our work there, it's just that we are being encouraged by the Chinese authorities to include other provinces in our project. This is very encouraging and shows that partaking of all the baijiu has won us friends. Oh, and we're also very good at what we do...

Kun and I paid a visit to Sichuan in the summer and were delighted to find signs of snow leopard in Wolong Biosphere Reserve and giant panda hang-out. We have support from the local forestry administration and hope to survey areas on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the coming winter, so expect more boring discussion of warm clothing and ice! Excitingly, the Sichuan Forestry Administration have taken some photos of snow leopards using remote camera traps and I hope to be able to post these up soon.

Cheers m'dears,
P.

What's mine is yours

2009-11-06T02:11:00.000-08:00

Having expended significant effort, money and time to surveying remote and difficult areas in Taxkurgan Nature Reserve, we have learned that one of the most significant areas we found for snow leopard is to have a road put through it for mining traffic. This news has been received with a mixture of views. On the one hand many within the local communities welcome the anticipated financial income that they hope will results from jobs involved with both building the road and the mining itself. Others are pleased that the proposed road may improve access to more remote grazing for their livestock. Some are concerned about the potential influx of people into the area, although other more entrepreneurial people see this as an opportunity for business.

No one, with the exception of our team of course, is concerned about possible environmental degradation and increased threats to biodiversity, including snow leopards.

I’m not surprised: I’ve been in this game for long enough now not to clutchingly hold onto naïve sentiments. It places the concerns of conservationists in stark contrast against the immediate needs of the people that are unwillingly placed in the role of environmental custodians. I cannot offer compelling arguments against short-term improvements in human wellbeing within these communities, other than to offer the longer term view of a world devoid of natural space and the loss of much of our valued wildlife. Yes, people DO value biodiversity (well, some of it), but tend not to equate short-term gains on one side with long-term loss on the other.

What to do? Well, we are ensuring that we are an enthusiastic partner within the consortium concerned with the development these communities. We will continue to offer opinions and advise that maximise the gains for the people in these areas, but minimise the environmental costs incurred. Above all we will seek to ensure that the wildlife that people value so much, such as the snow leopard, are always in the minds of people making these decisions.

Our thoughts are with the people of Xinjiang

2009-07-11T19:30:00.001-07:00

Our project involves colleagues working together from both the Uygur and Han communities in Urumqi and across the province of Xinjiang. This unity is a vital thread that binds our small project and we are all saddened that the friendships we cherish appear to be exceptional.

We have been unable to contact our team in Xinjiang and we hope they are safe and continue to remain so. Our thoughts are with them and the people of Xinjiang.

Phil.

Hot and cold running nose

2009-07-11T19:19:00.000-07:00

Hello All.

Once again I find myself in the all too familiar surroundings of a Chinese hotel. Just waiting to meet Wong Jun and Shi Kun for our chilli cabbage and chilli mein breakfast - we're in Sichuan, at the behest of the SFA.

I came through Beijing to attend the annual meeting of the Society for Conservation Biology. It was hot and sticky and I did my best to look (and be) cool so I didn't get quarantined as an H1N1 suspect. All visitors to China have to fill out a health questionnaire and have their temperature taken (forehead thankfully) before being allow to disembark at the airport. Despite being urged by the British Airways cabin crew to answer the questionnaire I can't imagine anyone wanting to tick affirmative to any question, knowing that such damning action will lead them to epidemiological Limbo in an anonymous hotel, circling the first circle, hoping and praying for ascent.

Aaaachoo! [sniff]

Phil.

Homeward bound

2009-03-22T00:28:00.000-07:00

We're in the closing ceremony stage here, but only for this survey. Fond farewells and congratulatory back slaps abound. Forgive the immodesty, but we've done good. We have great data from the field, we are on excellent terms with local communities and local and national government and, to top it all nicely, we have been granted permission to continue and expand our work in China for at least the next five years.

I'm heading home tomorrow to a blissful reunion with Dawn and the boys. Then the next chapter begins. Report writing, funding applications and project development will keep me busy for a good while. I will continue to update this blog with progress (I hope) and more photos once I sort them out. Stay tuned.

Happy landings!

P.

Police action camera

2009-03-17T20:42:00.000-07:00

Hello All.

Our far-flung cameras offered logistical challenges for their retrieval. To minimise the effort we split the team. While my part of the team were happily retracing our steps, elsewhere nefarious forces were at work. Whilst recovering his quota, Khometti discovered that a pair had gone missing. He returned to Mariang Community with those he had (we were meanwhile a couple of days away at our second camp) and was (so I gather) marched by our driver, Shifu, to the community policeman to report the theft. Khometti was reluctant to do anything premature, but Shifu's outrage was forceful.

As luck would have it, to Shifu's delight and Khometti's groaning despair, on that day the Director of Taxkurgan County was visiting Mariang. Upon hearing of the heinous crimes carried out against such an important (and international) research project he, without waiver, unleashed the full force of the law in Taxkurgan and vowed to "crush the criminal network" responsible. [The story was retold a number of times when we all later reassembled, amidst a fair amount of drinking. I quote a recounted phrase from these recollections that lodged in my head.]

The full force of the law in Taxkurgan took the form of four police officers from Taxkurgan town. No one was above suspicion, not even themselves it seemed. Efforts to tackle corruption in China are taken seriously and so the first step in any enquiry is that the police officers question each other about their whereabouts, motives and alibis. Once they were satisfied that they had in fact all been together at the time of the alleged incident and that none of them had actually been to Marriang before, the investigation moved up a gear. And up a mountain. They promptly proceeded to the crime scene. A little too promptly as it happened, because they all returned some hours later complaining of headaches and nausea. With altitude sickness the best remedy is to descend to a lower elevation, so they all went back to Taxkurgan.

Before they left they made the local bobby in Mariang Officer In Charge of the investigation. He is a shrewd man, who learnt English for three months (the phrases he remembers, related in later drinking and story-telling, include "Thank you" - politeness among police officers is always appreciated when conducting enquiries; "I larve you" - not so sure about this one, but all great detectives have their own distinctive methods; and "Good health" - no comment [hic!]). His approach was simple and effective. He called on local families in the area and explained the problem and requested that the cameras be placed back in their original position by the next day. Or else!

The effect of all this on the community in Mariang was quite striking. The presence of the incident team from Taxkurgan is akin to those scenes in movies where scores of men in dark suits and dark glasses pour from unplated black 4x4s and the SWAT teams slide down ropes from helicopters. Mariang had not seen anything like this (neither the SWATy dark-glasses nor the four blokes from Taxkurgan) and it certainly put the wind up them.

The next day the cameras were found by Khometti and the local policeman in their original position.

The leader of the community, Rojabek Arkim (Roger Beck?) was beside himself when we finally turned up and were bought up to speed on the whole thing. Having reassured him that there was no harm done, we ate drank smoked [cough!] our way into the night and celebrated our snow leopard pictures. We're all good friends.

The policeman was rightly pleased with himself. He reassured us that after these events we would have no further problems with missing traps in Mariang ever again. I larve you.

Evenin' All.
P.

Thing of beauty

2009-03-16T18:00:00.000-07:00

Our prized snow leopard, captured on one the SLT's cameras, set by one of our trained local team (Khometti Taklashur). Along with copious other evidence, this offers proof that snow leopards are indeed using the Mariang area of Taxkurgan Nature Reserve during the winter.

Praise be.

P.

The first snow leopard!

2009-03-12T14:51:00.000-07:00

News today from Phil - their first camera trap picture of a snow leopard! Caught by one of the Snow Leopard Trust's cameras. They've got some wolves recorded too. The team were filled with excitement as they continue to gather in the traps dispersed through Mariang valley. They're on the home run, and delighted to see some rewards for their efforts.

D

Marching on

2009-03-08T10:13:00.000-07:00

Before leaving the first Mariang camp the team saw that foxes have made an appearance on their cameras.

Precarious walking for around 8 hours across what sounds like a field of boulders led the team to a new base camp in the valley yesterday. This brings them closer to the area with reportedly recent snow leopard activity, and the local herders there are lining up kills to check.

D

Cavalcade to Mariang

2009-03-05T01:03:00.000-08:00

The inescapable road to permissions meant an extra day in Taxkurgan, then from Taxkurgan to Mariang on Tuesday, and finally the team's 2-camel strong cavalcade marched into base camp yesterday afternoon. Their base is the highest (c. 4000m) herder's hut which is empty because it's still too cold for the livestock. Silver lining in Mariang comes in the form of a cow dung fire.

The locals are reporting lots of attacks by snow leopards on livestock since Phil and Kun were last there, and there seem to be very few wild ungulate prey around, prompting speculation from the XSLP that perhaps a disease outbreak has swept through the valley. The local herders have kept some depredated skins for verification, and there are high hopes that the camera traps will capture some activity. Once all the cameras are in position, and training is progressed, the team may possibly relocate to another base camp in the valley in about 5 days time.

Reception on the satellite phone seems variable, but hopefully we'll hear more at the weekend.

Over and out, D.

...and we're out of here (again)

2009-02-28T15:24:00.000-08:00

Once again, I find myself considering the numerous repacking options for my rucksack. Fieldwork beckons once more. We're heading to Taxkurgan today and then on to Mariang, roads permitting. Reports have been drifting through of snow leopard activity in the Mariang area, so fingers crossed they don't all bugger off before we get there. And that the reports are accurate - I'll be SO angry if we get photos of yetis again... Bloody pests.

Right, enough of this banter. I'm off. Updates as before via a satellite phone and the beautiful Dawn's prose. Let's hope I can relay some good snow leopard news and less about border guards and paperwork.

Keep 'em peeled.
P.
WildCRU / Xinjiang Snow Leopards

...and a picture crossing the Kunlun Mountains

2009-02-28T02:04:00.000-08:00

Ice Breaker

2009-02-28T01:48:00.000-08:00

It's a little known fact that I don't "do" ice, except in a G&T. Ice skating was one of those dreaded events I was sometimes coerced into when a youngster. Never out of choice. The last time, however was different: Dawn and I had a truly glorious day on a ice rink in New York's Central Park. Our skating was abysmal, but we laughed like twats. No pain.

Progress in Shaksgam was all about ice. Frozen rivers were our way into valleys that are watery torrents at any other time of year. I knew this. I've even made a point of informing anyone who'd listen to me that this "is the only way of getting into these parts". But the reality hadn't struck me - walking up (and down) valleys on ice. In inflexible walking boots, which while great on rocks, mud, pavements and all manner of non-slip surfaces, are truly hellish when friction is limited. All I can say is thanks to the inventor or walking poles - and to Tom and Harry who encouraged me to take them. Brilliant. Hand extensions - like walking on all fours without looking like a (total) idiot. Just a bit of one.

Steady as you go.
P.

2009-02-28T00:11:00.000-08:00

Yours truly, getting in the way of a stunning view near Shaksgam.

P.

Trade & Commerce

2009-02-27T21:51:00.000-08:00

During my morning stroll around Kashgar, searching stalls for tasty treats (found walnut and date toffee - fantastic!) I had the usual conscience tweak (and trouser tugs) from the legions of beggars inhabiting the downtown area. In among them was an old boy who caught my eye. He was characteristically disheveled and needy, however he was sitting carving wooden spoons for sale. Not begging at all - selling something. He immediately got my money and I got four spoons.

As I continued I entered a street that was almost exclusively comprised of pigeon restaurants (where they're eaten rather than dining themselves, lest there be any confusion). This reminded me of an entire district of Changchun in Jilin Province given over to hairdressers and, more recently, a small nameless town in the desert where all shops but three sold decorative knives. Now, I'm no business guru, but if I were planning on entering the decorative knife selling business I would probably avoid opening a shop in this town. If I wanted to distinguish myself as a hairdresser, I'd do well to avoid competition, trust me.

Why do trades tend to cluster in Chinese towns? In a sea of pigeon cafes, I'll always go for the wooden spoons.

Eat up.
P.

P.S. If anyone wishes to burst my bubble and has information about a wooden spoon scam, where innocent beggars are forced into selling wares on behalf of some evil oligarchic organised crime network - please keep it to yourself.

...and we're back again - briefly

2009-02-27T19:20:00.000-08:00

I want a helicopter for my next birthday. Dawn has beautifully conveyed the intricacies of our journey to Shaksgam (or Raskam as the locals have it, and who am I to disagree) and our initial surveying efforts (thanks Dawn!). We managed to get reasonably far west towards the border, before the army declined us further access. Despite having all the correct paperwork and permissions on Monday, these were deemed insufficient by Tuesday. Some hurried, covert satellite phoning to higher authorities failed to resurrect our status (we're not waving our equipment around at army stations - there's a real danger of it being misinterpreted as not for snow leopard research, if you know what I mean). Even Dai Zhigong was denied further access to the SW of the reserve and he's the reserve director. He was giving the Officer in Charge a mouthful, when Shifu deftly entered the fray with his characteristic charm and cigarettes ploy, sensing that Dai was on the verge of getting us in trouble. My presence alone in this area was causing some agitation. Our friends in the State Forestry Administration claim they now know what further strings need pulling and are tugging at a higher level. Next time we will get even further, as I understand we already have hospitality sessions lined up with some military top brass when we return to Beijing. Yikes!

All was not lost - we have a good solid couple of days surveying near Shaksgam and then focused our remaining efforts in the SE of the reserve around Maraz and Kudi. Despite numerous blue sheep and a few ibex, there was unfortunately precious little sign of snow leopard. Reports from villagers emerging from the no-go area suggest there are snow leopards near the border posing problems for livestock. Conversely, in the vicinity of Kudi, to the east, villagers had never seen snow leopards, nor heard reports of them in the last 30 years or so. The wolf population, however, appeared to be thriving.

Despite the inevitable set backs and obstacles, we're all pretty pleased to have got as far as we did and get some valuable data from this difficult (in all senses of the word) region. We're now warming up and eating some nicer food in Kashgar for a couple of days before heading back into the mountains to Mariang. Hopefully here we will be able to verify our suspicions that snow leopards are active in the winter and also get some pictures with these damn heavy cameras. More lamb kebabs please!

Keep on the sunny side.
P.

The Big Freeze

2009-02-22T13:12:00.000-08:00

After several days of 'radio silence', Phil checked in today. He and the team are currently surveying from the remote army base near Mazar, in the Shaksgam valley. (Except Kun who has had to return to Beijing for urgent business there).

They've had a difficult route through the desert from Kashgar, as, other than inhospitable cold, the army are extremely sensitive about the Kashmiri border and they are now at the interface where their permissions are not the 'right permissions' to let them proceed beyond the border control. The upside is that they've apparently been staying in various army shacks along route, which, for the most part, are less cold than sleeping under metaphorical canvas. The temperature drops rapidly to -20/25 at dusk, worsened by the dramatic wind howling through the valley (and virtually obliterating any sense of what Phil was trying to say at the end of the satellite phone).

So far, no recent evidence of snow leopard, just old scrapes, but the next few days surveying are full of promise. They've seen plenty of prey, with increased blue sheep and ibex numbers compared to Mariang, and also sign of greater wolf and lynx activity.

The landscape is predictably awesome, though perhaps less white. They are at c.4000m, and actually the whole area is extremely arid, with the snow line in sight at 6,000m, and frozen rivers in the valleys.

Phil anticipates moving back towards Kashgar on Friday and then heading on to Mariang, so the chances are he'll publish the next post himself. Here's hoping everything goes well, good luck. Dx

...and we're out of here

2009-02-18T15:19:00.000-08:00

Kashgar is a funny place. I can only imagine what this hub on the silk road must have looked like in its heyday (whenever that was - it has a long history). It has now taken on or rather, been given the anonymous looks of any other Chinese city. The old parts of the city have largely been revamped with square concrete and neon KTV signs. The redevelopment of the area around the Id Kah Mosque offers a sanitised version of the former bazaars of my imagination. As with much Chinese history, selected parts have been cleaned off and put on somewhat inelegant display. Now and then, while walking around the city, I still catch glimpses of old architecture, but these have become rarer in the last couple of years that I been visiting this place.

Work complete, finally we have enough permission and vehicles to move out of Kashgar and towards the mountains. We will begin scouting routes in attempts to find our way in so at long last I might be able to provide snow leopard research entries to this blog. However, I'll have no web access for a few weeks, so the glorious Dawn will post updates from our brief (but blissful) safety check in calls (that's what we're calling them anyway).

Break a leg.
P.

Just Deserts (sorry)

2009-02-18T04:56:00.000-08:00

In Beautiful Day, Bono evokes a romantic vista overlooking desert oil fields at first light. The uber-eco-friendly version to greet us was the largest wind farm in Asia.

Apparently.

According to the Taxiversity of Life.

Our driver, known to us as Shifu (Master), is brimming over with facts and opinion. Perfect for two days of solid driving with a captive class. Shame I don't understand too much of it, but the rest of the team are having a great time, and his ebullience transcends language. The downside is he is easily distracted from his primary task (what I think it is anyway) and so far he has been pulled over four times for speeding. The first time he gruffly paid the fine and shrugged words to the effect that the police should stop wasting time etc etc... serious crime going on etc etc... what they doin' about it etc etc... This I believe is a universal response to such injustice. The second time the officer responsible for pulling him over was a young lad (they are, like doctors, getting younger [except yours truly - medical doctors only rule]). Shifu sensed something akin to naive uncertainty on the part of the young'un and he jumped from the car to vigorously protest his innocence and demand to know why he is not out catching real criminals etc etc... it's all about getting money and easy target hitting etc etc... To be fair the officer gave as good as he got and things began to escalate. When the young officer's grizzled old chain smoking superior then stepped out of the shadows I began to ask questions of the team, such as "how much does it cost to bail people in China?" and "is it even possible?" and "who else can drive?". Shifu's no fool. The speed of change from outrage to contrition was remarkable.

He paid another fine and, balanced against what we are paying him, went into the red for the day.

The next occasion was apparently paid in cigarettes and jocularity. He got away with it. By now, you'd expect him to be particularly eagle-eyed when it comes to the numerous speed cameras alone these roads. He might need glasses. I'd see these things coming from way in the distance, but he kept constant speed until about 5m from the camera and then throw out the anchor. Baggage everywhere. Repack everything in the back and then wait for the next one. Bang! Weighty sack of camera traps to the back of the head.

The fourth time I thought an arrest was certain. And, from the heavy dragging motion of a dead man walking as he got out of the car, so did he. Whatever the combination of charm, cigarettes and charitable donation, he returned to the car, his wallet relieved of its load. His drivers licence however was freshly decorated with six shiny new points. Four more and he's off the road.

That was day one on the road to Kashgar. Day two saw steady law abiding progression and a grimace on Shifu's face each time he was overtaken by all and sundry. Onegai shimasu.

Belt up.
P.

No - we're F freezing (chill induced stutter)

2009-02-14T19:02:00.000-08:00

Urumqi is covered with somewhat grubby snow, laying around like sand in the negative numbers. Having failed to ground the plane with our excess baggage; permissions having been granted; a car secured; and batteries charged we are ready to embark on the next step. Across the Taklamakan Desert to Kashgar (Kashi). The Taklamakan Desert is what's known as a cold desert, but apparently none the less inhospitable for that. I am reliably informed (a cab driver in Urumqi) that Taklamakan translates as "enter, but do not leave". This could b because it is such a paradise that you lose all desire to return. On the other hand... I was also reliably informed (same school of learning, different driver) that during the ice storms that gripped China in 2008, the entire desert was covered in a layer of snow. Apparently never happened before (or since, but that's not saying much). Jeepers!

Drive safely.
P.

Can the team handle the cold?

2009-02-12T02:46:00.000-08:00

Having spent too many days in balmy Beijing, chasing equipment, batteries (I’ll stop going on now) and meeting (i.e. getting drunk and singing) with important dignitaries, we are finally poised to strike out for Xinjiang. Urumqi (the capital of the province) will be the team’s first taste of real cold, with -20 °C forecast. It’s been like springtime here. Most people in Beijing have been kept their puffy jackets on well beyond what I consider a comfortable limit. As my grandmother would have said, they won’t feel the benefit of it later.

Wrap up.
P.

Intrigued by interethnic cooperation

2009-02-11T16:56:00.000-08:00

Pleasingly, we’ve been noticed by other Bloggers in Xinjiang and had a recent review, of sorts, by the interestingly named New Dominion. They give me a bit of a ribbing about my scintillating accounts of FedEx etc (wait ‘til they see the last batteries entry), but also highlight the issue of interethnic cooperation on our project. They appear to give this more weight than I had previously considered. Our team consists of Tajiks, Uygurs, Han Chinese and yours truly. Is this truly unusual? To my mind the only way to conduct this project is with the inclusion of everyone that has an interest, irrespective of ethnicity. Of course, I not SO naïve as to be unaware of the tensions within this region, and I am well aware that conservation IS political in all corners of the world. The politics of conservation cut across many facets, although in our project I have, perhaps wrongly, considered interethnic politics and conservation politics to be operating at different levels. It seems they’re closer than I chose to recognise.

Does this change anything? I don’t know. We will carry on as before, with our (oh alright, my) banal frustrations and expensive cameras (although there’s a certain Chinese farmer I apparently must see about getting some SL photos). We will continue to provide training and support to these communities, so that together we can better understand these animals and deliver effective long lasting conservation measures. I don’t know if I should dare mention that we are also collaborating with similar projects across the border in Pakistan…

Batteries (yes it's a little banal, but vexing me at the mo’)

2009-02-11T16:19:00.000-08:00

My reliable source for all things electronic (yes, Stephen) informs me that China is leading the way developments of way-out-there fantastic lithium batteries. If so, then no one has told the Chinese. We have been scouring Beijing all day, chasing possible leads, making calls to battery suppliers & manufacturers but generally getting no where. At long last we managed to get something, although it remains to be seen if they are up to the -30 °C freezer we are about to enter.

P.

Landed...

2009-02-10T17:50:00.000-08:00

Landed in Beijing after a great flight (many thanks to British Airways for the donated flights) and immediately thrust into business. Business in China typically (in my experience anyway) involves a great deal of what is best termed extreme hospitality and I have not been left wanting for food and baijiu. The cultural significance of dining, drinking and general merriment for the development of working friendships cannot be overstated. We are now very good friends (moving off the baijiu scale and onto the Karaoke scale) with the Sichuan’s Forestry Administration and have an open invitation to visit some of their suspected key areas for snow leopards on the edge of the Tibetan Plateau. This is a great start, particularly when combined with similar invitations to survey some areas on the edge of the snow leopard range in Yunnan.

Preparations for Xinjiang are fully underway and the team is building. More to come…

P.

Camera traps

2009-02-07T05:38:00.000-08:00

The frustrations of final preparations! Having been generously lent some camera traps by the Snow Leopard Trust in Seattle and Tom McCarthy putting valuable time into arranging the shipment we were nearly scuppered by UK Customs, aided and abetted by FedEx.

Far be it from me to start moaning about the difficulties of life, particularly those faced when dealing with some large organisations. The individuals I liased with in FedEx were great - polite and helpful. However, somehow, between all the polite helpfulness there appeared some gaps into which certain bits of vital communication seemed to fall. I'll skip the tortuous angst ridden account which finally resulted in me having to drive to the airport cargo depot through the most atrocious weather the UK has seen for 13 years, because FedEx don't deliver on a Saturday!

Now, given where we are going and what we are planning to do I can not complain about a bit of snow and some diffiult driving conditions. So I won't. I was more concerned with the shame of losing to a technicality and failing to get the cameras despite the SLT getting them to the UK.

Shame averted and we are all systems go. Now I have to deal with the guilt of abandoning Dawn and the boys. No amount of snow bound motorway driving will get me out of that one.

P

Equipment matters

2009-02-03T13:15:00.001-08:00

Those of you who are familiar with the great outdoors will also probably be familiar with the vast array of equipment and clothing on offer to assist us in our pursuits. Good grief! I have spent more time weighing the merits of different layering systems than I care to face. I've opted for the Rab look, combining VapourRise layers with eVent outers and a lovely Extreme down jacket (assuming I can get it back off Dawn). Could have gone buffalo, but didn't. You'll soon find out how successful my choices have been.

Picture in full garb to follow...

Phil.

Preparations are under way...

2009-02-03T13:02:00.000-08:00

I am truly worried about the amount of equipment I am pulling together. We are going to be using camera traps and I have 12 Reconyx (the best) already and a further 10 generously donated by Tom McCarthy at the Snow Leopard Trust (thanks Tom!) waiting for customs clearance at the UK border. These will easily fill two large holdalls and approach the maximum weight limits for each.

Then...

We will be camping at 4,000m (or thereabouts) for 4 weeks, so the amount of safety and camping gears is growing. Let alone my size 12 boots! I hope Kun and the rest of the team travel light.

Phil.
WildCRU / Xinjiang Snow Leopards